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Hormone · FDA Approved

Oxytocin

FDA-approved

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Written by Peptide Association Editorial TeamLast reviewed Editorial policy

01 · Overview

A nine-amino acid cyclic neuropeptide produced mainly in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary in response to stimuli such as suckling, labor and certain kinds of stress. Its classical actions are stimulation of uterine contraction during labor and milk ejection during lactation, acting through a G-protein-coupled oxytocin receptor (PMID 11274341).

It is also studied for effects on social behavior and stress, where intranasal forms are used experimentally.

02 · Research summary & key findings

FDA-approved (Pitocin and generic injections) for labor induction and control of postpartum bleeding. In healthy men, intranasal oxytocin reduced amygdala responses to emotional faces (Domes et al., Biological Psychiatry, 2007) (PMID 17617382) and improved inference of others' mental states (PMID 17137561). However, a 290-participant trial in children with autism found no benefit over placebo (PMID 34644471).

03 · Regulatory status

Oxytocin has received FDA approval and is available for clinical use under appropriate medical supervision. Consult a qualified healthcare provider for prescribing information.

04 · Administration routes

  • Intravenous
  • Intramuscular injection
  • Intranasal

References

  1. [1]The oxytocin receptor system: structure, function, and regulation Physiol Rev, 2001. PMID 11274341
  2. [2]Oxytocin improves "mind-reading" in humans Biol Psychiatry, 2007. PMID 17137561
  3. [3]Oxytocin attenuates amygdala responses to emotional faces regardless of valence Biol Psychiatry, 2007. PMID 17617382
  4. [4]Intranasal Oxytocin in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder N Engl J Med, 2021. PMID 34644471

Primary literature

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Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational and research purposes only. It is not intended as medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting any peptide therapy. The Peptide Association does not endorse or recommend any specific treatment protocol. See our editorial policy for how this content is produced and reviewed. Clinicians: join the network.